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1.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 16(2): 164-169, May-Apr. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622738

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence and the risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) among HIV-infected women. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 494 HIV-infected women in Brazil, between 1998 and 2008. Gynecologic exam was performed, and samples were collected for cervical cytology and for HPV DNA detection. Cervical biopsy was carried out when indicated. HPV infection, CD4 T-lymphocyte count and HIV viral load were compared with cervical histopathology. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the statistical association of several risk factors. RESULTS: CIN prevalence detected by histopathology was 23.4% (6% of CIN2/3 and 17.4% cases of CIN1). Multivariate analysis confirmed an independent association of CIN with CD4 T-lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm³ (OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.5-10.1), with a positive detection of HPV DNA (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.5), and with age < 34 years old (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.4). HIV viral load and antiretroviral use were not independent risk factors for CIN. CONCLUSIONS: Severity of immunosupression, presence of HPV infection and younger age are strong predictors of CIN among HIV-infected women.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/epidemiology , HIV Infections/complications , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology , Biopsy , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology , DNA, Viral , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/virology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/etiology , Risk Factors , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology , Vaginal Smears , Viral Load
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 57(4): 425-430, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-597027

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To detect the frequency and subtypes of HPV in the uterine cervix of HIV-infected women. METHODS: Sample consisted of 288 HIV-infected women, recruited from the public health system of five cities of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Women were seen from August 2003 to August 2008. Cervical samples were collected for cytological analysis and for HPV DNA detection, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HPV DNA was classified according to its oncogenic potential in low risk (types 6, 11) and high risk (types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35). Colposcopy was performed, followed by cervical biopsy when necessary. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-squared test, with a significance level established at the 5 percent level. RESULTS: HPV prevalence was 78.8 percent. Most frequent genotypes were HPV-6 (63.9 percent) and HPV-16 (48.5 percent). High-risk HPV were observed in 70.5 percent of the women; low-risk in 71.4 percent; both high and low-risk HPV were detected in 55.1 percent of the patients. Multiple HPV genotypes were detected in 64.8 percent of the patients; two genotypes in 23.8 percent, and three in 18.9 percent. CONCLUSION: HPV prevalence was high among HIV-infected women. Multiple HPV genotypes were common in samples from the uterine cervix of HIV-infected women.


OBJETIVO: Detectar a frequência e os subtipos do HPV na cérvice uterina de mulheres infectadas pelo HIV. MÉTODOS: A amostra era composta por 288 mulheres infectadas pelo HIV, recrutadas do sistema público de saúde de cinco cidades de Minas Gerais, Brasil. As mulheres foram avaliadas de agosto de 2003 a agosto de 2008. Amostras cervicais foram coletadas para análise citológica e para detecção do HPV DNA, usando a reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR). O HPV DNA foi classificado de acordo com seu potencial oncogênico em baixo risco (tipos 6,11) e alto risco (tipos 16, 18, 31, 33, 35). Foi realizada colposcopia, seguida de biópsia cervical, quando indicada. Variáveis categóricas foram comparadas usando o teste do quiquadrado, com nível de significância estabelecido de 5 por cento. RESULTADOS: A prevalência do HPV foi 78,8 por cento. Os genótipos mais frequentes foram HPV-6 (63,9 por cento) e HPV-16 (48,5 por cento). Genótipos de HPV de alto risco foram observados em 70,5 por cento das mulheres; de baixo risco em 71,4 por cento; HPV de alto e baixo risco foram detectados em 55,1 por cento das pacientes. Múltiplos genótipos de HPV foram detectados em 64,8 por cento das pacientes; dois genótipos em 23,8 por cento, e três em 18,9 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência do HPV foi alta entre mulheres infectadas pelo HIV. Múltiplos genótipos de HPV foram comuns em amostras da cérvice uterina destas mulheres.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Cervix Uteri/virology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Alphapapillomavirus/genetics , Brazil/epidemiology , DNA Probes, HPV , DNA, Viral/analysis , Genotype , HIV Infections/virology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Risk Factors
3.
Femina ; 37(6): 319-323, jun. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-534077

ABSTRACT

Indivíduos que praticam atividade sexual desprotegida têm risco combinado de se infectarem pelo HIV e HPV porque esses vírus têm forma de aquisição comum. Dados atuais sugerem que a exposição à infecção pelo HIV pode aumentar a prevalência do HPV, provavelmente pela fraca resposta do sistema imune. O desenvolvimento de métodos baseados em reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), que são mais sensíveis e capazes de detectar tipos específicos de HPV simultaneamente, tem permitido a investigação sistemática de infecções múltiplas. Foram pesquisados no MEDLINE (Pubmed) e LILACS os artigos relacionados ao tema, publicados entre 2004 e 2008, e selecionados artigos relevantes na literatura sobre prevalência e multiplicidade do HPV em pacientes infectadas pelo HIV. Mulheres infectadas por HIV têm mais prevalência de HPV, de múltiplos tipos de HPV, e prevalência mais elevada de subtipos oncogênicos que mulheres não infectadas pelo HIV. O HPV-16 tem sido o genótipo mais prevalente, e a infecção múltipla pelo HPV é comumente detectada quando se emprega a PCR. A prevalência de HPV na cérvice uterina de mulheres portadoras do HIV é alta, variando de 52 a 87 por cento. A infecção por múltiplos genótipos é o padrão predominante de infecção pelo HPV nesse grupo de pacientes (41 a 52 porcento).


Individuals that practice umprotected sexual activity have the risk to be infected by both HIV and HPV because these viruses have similar form of acquisition. Current data suggest that the exposition to the infection by HIV can increase the prevalence of the HPV, probably because of the weak reply of the immune system. The development of methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which are more sensible and capable of detect specific types of HPV simultaneously, has allowed the systematic study of multiple infections. Articles related to the subject published between 2004 and 2008 hab been searched in MEDLINE (Pubmed) and LILACS and relevant articles in literature on prevalence and multiplicity of the HPV in patients infected by HIV were chosen. Women infected by HIV have mores prevalence of HPV, multiple types of HPV and higher prevalence of oncogenic subtypes than women who are not infected by HIV. The HPV-16 has been the most prevalent genotype and the multiple infection by HPV is usually detected when the PCR is used. The prevalence of HPV in the uterine cervix of HIV women is high, varying from 52 to 87 percent. The infection with multiple genotypes is the predominant standard of infection by HPV in this group of patients (41 a 52 percent).


Subject(s)
Female , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Cervix Uteri/pathology , Cervix Uteri/virology , HIV Infections/virology , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Prevalence , /pathogenicity , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
4.
HU rev ; 22(2): 96-103, maio-ago. 1996.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-221147

ABSTRACT

Os autores consultaram vários artigos com a finalidade de avaliar a conduta diagnóstica e terapêutica neste tumor. Observou-se que os meios diagnósticos podem variar desde a Ultra-sonografia (USG) até a Ressonância Nuclear Magnética (RNM), e que para o tratamento pode-se adotar desde a conduta conservadora até o transplante hepático ou radioterapia local.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hemangioma/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hemangioma , Hemangioma/pathology , Hemangioma/radiotherapy , Hemangioma/surgery , Liver Neoplasms/surgery , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Liver Neoplasms , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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